Abundances and biological traits of the juveniles salmon sampled in the survey of Salmon abundance Indices in the Nivelle river (France)

Frédéric Lange1, François Guéraud1, Emmanuel Huchet1, Jacques Rives1, Etienne Prévost1, Frédéric Marchand2, Nadine Herrard3, GBIF GBIF France4

1 INRAE ECOBIOP, Pôle OFB-INRAE-Agrocampus Ouest-UPPA pour la gestion des migrateurs amphihalins dans leur environnement, Aquapôle - Ibarron, 64310, St-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France; 2 INRAE U3E, Pôle OFB-INRAE-Agrocampus Ouest-UPPA pour la gestion des migrateurs amphihalins dans leur environnement, 65 rue de St Brieuc, CS 84215, 35042, Rennes, France; 3 INRA-U3E, 65 rue de St Brieuc, CS 84215, 35042, Rennes, France; 4 GBIF France, MNHN Géologie CP48, 43 rue Buffon, 75005, Paris, France

Corresponding author(s): Frédéric Lange (Frederic.Lange@inrae.fr)François Guéraud (Francois.Gueraud@inrae.fr)Emmanuel Huchet (Emmanuel.Huchet@inrae.fr)Jacques Rives (Jacques.Rives@inrae.fr)Etienne Prévost (Etienne.Prevost@inrae.fr), Frédéric Marchand (frederic.marchand@inrae.fr)

Received {date}; Revised {date}; Accepted {date}; Published {date}

Citation: Combination of authors, year of data paper publication (in parentheses), Title, Journal Name, Volume, Issue number (in parentheses), and doi of the data paper.

Resource Citation

Lange F., Guéraud F., Huchet E., Rives J. and Prévost E. 2019. Abundances and biological traits of the juveniles salmon sampled in the survey of Salmon abundance Indices in the Nivelle river (France).

Abstract

A survey started in 2003 is conducted every year in early autumn (late September to early October) to quantify the abundance of juvenile Atlantic salmon in the Nivelle in Pays Basque. The electric fishing protocol of Prévost and Baglinière (1995) is used. It targets Atlantic salmon young of the year (0+ parr), but older fish (juvenile salmon ≥1+) are also caught and included in this dataset. Sampling is restricted to areas with shallow running water flowing on coarse bottom substrate, i.e. the preferred habitat of young of the year salmon. The data consist of abundance indices and biological traits measured on the fish sampled: sex, maturity status, length, weight and age. The latter is ascertained from scale samples taken from the fish which size does not allow to determine their age unambiguously.
The survey is carried out under the Research Observatory on Diadromes Fishes in Coastal Streamss (ERO DiaPFC) program. The data are stored in the database of the ERO. They are used to develop predictive models and tools for providing scientific advice to improve the management of this heritage species.

Keywords: Samplingevent, Population density, population distribution, catch effort, salmo salar, salmon, Occurrence

General description

Additional information: This data set is intended to be updated annually and is the subject of a new DOI every time.

Project details

Project title: Observatoire de Recherche en Environnement des poissons diadromes sur les Fleuves Côtiers - Ecological  Research Observatory on Diadromous Fish in coastal streams
Personnel: Etienne Prévost
Funding: Funding

- INRAE : French National Institute for Agricultural, Food en Environment Research

- OFB : French Office for Biodiversity - FEAMP : (European Fund for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries).

- Since 2017, data collected on salmon in the framework of the ORE DiaPFC have been included in the national program for the data collect in support of scientific advice for the Common Fisheries Policy for the European regulations on fisheries management. In this context, INRAE and OFB contribute to the National Work Program piloted by the DPMA of the Ministry of the Environment. This program is financially supported by FEAMP.
Study area descriptions/descriptor: This infrastructure Research relies on three coastal streams of the Atlantic facade Channel, the Bresle and Oir in Normandy (Manche), the Scorff in Brittany (Morbihan) and the Nivelle in the Basque Country (Pyrenees Atlantiques).
Design description: The issue of 'Research Observatory on Diadromes Fish in Coastal Rivers (ORE DiaPFC) is to study the evolution of diadromous fish populations as a result of environmental changes (climate change and changes related to agriculture ) that affect these rivers.

Data published through GBIF: http://ipt.gbif.fr/resource?r=inra_rennes_nivelle

Taxonomic coverage

Taxonomic ranks
Species: Salmo salar

Spatial coverage

General spatial coverage: The Nivelle river in Basque Country (France). http://services.sandre.eaufrance.fr/Courdo/Fiche/client/fiche_courdo.php?CdSandre=S52-0400
Coordinates: 43°15'0''N and 43°23'24''N Latitude; 1°40'12''W and 1°28'48''W Longitude 

Temporal coverage: October 6, 2003 - September 15, 2021

Natural collections description

Collection name: Colisa - Collection of Ichtyological Samples
Collection identifier: https://colisa.fr/
Specimen preservation method: Dried
Specimen preservation method: Other
Specimen preservation method: No treatment
Curatorial unit: Between 4967 and 4967 (Fins)
Curatorial unit: Between 1115 and 1115 (Scales)

Methods

Method step description: 
- . 	Fish capture was carried out with a backpack electrofishing equipment. The same gear was used since the beginning of the data collection, namely a Martin Pêcheur from DREAM Electronique, It is tuned to produce a pulsed DC with a 400 Hz frequency, 250-300 volts and a square-waveform between 4 and 10% duty cycle.	
Fishing is operated according to the following steps :	
1	Two large dip-nets with metal frames are placed facing the current, lying on the bottom, and kept at a fixed position.  
2	The anode scans an area of about 4-5 m upstream of the dip-nets in the vein of water filtered by them.
3	Fish attracted by the anode and shocked go down into the nets guided by the electrode and driven by the water flow. If necessary, the fish stuck on the bottom or in aquatic vegetation are recovered by a small hand net. 
4	Individuals are transferred into a bucket previously filled with water. 
5	The whole team moves laterally several meters out of the area that has just been disturbed by the electric field, the carrier of the electrofishing gear taking care of not to step on the area he will next explore with the anode. When a bank is reached, the progression is a few meters upstream. 
Then steps 1-5 are repeatedThe sampling at a given site stops after 5 minutes of actual fishing – i.e. the duration when the electric field is applied in the water - measured directly on the counter of the electric fishing equipment. Juvenile abundance is quantified by the number of individuals captured for a unit effort (5 minutes of fishing under the conditions specified above). 	
Biometric measurement of the fish are recorded after their anesthesia with benzocaïne. The fish length is measured from the tip of the mouth to the fork of the caudal fin (1 millimeter precision). Fish are then weighed (0.2 g precision) and maturity status is assessed by a gentle pressure on the belly that allows to get sperm in mature males. All the fish sampled are then released in their original site.
- . 	Age is verified from scale reading according to standard methods described by (Baglinière and Le Louarn, 1987) and (Richard and Bagliniere, 1990).
Study extent description: Nivelle river, CdSandre=S52-0400
Latitude between 43.2426 and 43.3912; longitude between -1.4799 and -1.6694
Source latitude and longitude : 43.2173 -1.5231 
Last confluence point latitude and longitude : 43.3854 -1.6639 
The Nivelle is a 39 km long coastal stream of Pays Basque. It has its source in Spain and flows into the Bay of Biscay at Saint-Jean-de-Luz.  Its drainage basin has a surface area of 238 km2, and is dominated by marly-calcareous formations. It is essentially agro-pastoral with more than 50% of the land area made of  moors (Dumas, 2003). The oceanic climate, mild and wet (1700 mm year-1 in St-Pe´e-sur-Nivelle), provides a mean annual discharge of 5.4m3 s"1 downstream from the confluence of the main tributary, the Lurgorrieta, and 9m3 s-1 at the mouth. The water, neutral to slightly alkaline, is of good quality upstream from Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, but deteriorates downstream.
Sampling description: In the Nivelle, sampling is conducted at 20 sites spread along the mainstem, 6 along the main tributary (i.e. the Lurgorrieta) and 2 distributed on 2 smaller tributaries. All sites are located in the area of the hydrographic network colonized by Atlantic salmon. The sites are visited once a year at the beginning of autumn (end of September to early October). Sampling events by site and by year are indicated in table 3. 8 sites sampled in the first years of the survey were abandoned afterwards.

Datasets

Dataset description
Object name: Darwin Core Archive Abundances and biological traits of the juveniles salmon sampled in the survey of Salmon abundance Indices in the Nivelle river (France)
Character encoding: UTF-8
Format name: Darwin Core Archive format
Format version: 1.0
Distribution: http://ipt.gbif.fr/archive.do?r=inra_rennes_nivelle
Publication date of data: 2022-03-21
Language: English
Licences of use: Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License

Metadata language: English
Date of metadata creation: 2017-03-03
Hierarchy level: Dataset

References
Prévost E., Baglinière J.-L., 1995. Présentation et premiers éléments de mise au point d'une méthode simple d'évaluation du recrutement en juvéniles de saumon atlantique (Salmo salar) de l'année en eau courante, p. 39-48. In Gascuel D., Durand J.L., Fonteneau A., (Eds.) Les recherches françaises en évaluation quantitative et modélisation des ressources et des systèmes halieutiques. Colloques et séminaires, ORSTOM éditions, Paris.
Prévost E., Nihouarn A., 1999. Relation entre indicateur d'abondance de type CPUE et estimation de densité par enlèvements successifs pour les juvéniles de saumon atlantique (Salmo salar L.) de l'année. Bull. Fr. Pêche Piscic., 352 : 19-30.
Baglinière, J. L., and Le Louarn, H. 1987. Caractéristiques scalimétriques des principales espèces de poissons d’eau douce de France. Bulletin Français de la Pêche et de la Pisciculture: 1–39.
Richard, A., and Bagliniere, J. L. 1990. Description et interprétation des écailles de truites de mer (Salmo trutta L.) de deux rivières de Basse-Normandie : l’Orne et la Touques. Bulletin Français de la Pêche et de la Pisciculture: 239–257.
Marchand, F. et al (2017). Abundance indices and biological traits of juvenile salmon (Salmo salar) sampled in three rivers on the Atlantic and Channel coasts (France). Biodiversity Data Journal 5, e15125.