Sea trout entering the rivers Adour and Nivelle in south-west France at the start of the 21st century

Joelle CHAT1, Jean-Christophe AYMES2, Frédéric LANGE2, Esther CARLUT3, David BARRACOU4, Joëlle Chat5

1 INRAE, UNIV PAU ET PAYS ADOUR / E2S UPPA, MIRA, UMR 1224 ECOBIOP, 64310 SAINT PEE SUR NIVELLE, FRANCE -INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique), N°173 Route de St Jean de Luz, F-64310, Saint Pée sur Nivelle, France; 2 INRAE, UNIV PAU ET PAYS ADOUR / E2S UPPA, MIRA, UMR 1224 ECOBIOP, IE ECP, 64310 SAINT PEE SUR NIVELLE, FRANCE -INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique), N°173 Route de St Jean de Luz, F-64310, Saint Pée sur Nivelle, France; 3 INRAE, UNIV PAU ET PAYS ADOUR / E2S UPPA, MIRA, UMR 1224 ECOBIOP, IE ECP, 64310 SAINT PEE SUR NIVELLE, FRANCE -INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique), N°173 Route de St Jean de Luz, F-64310, Saint Pée sur Nivelle; 4 MIGRADOUR, 74, Route de la Chapelle de Rousse, F-64290, Gan, France; 5 

Corresponding author(s): Joelle CHAT (joelle.chat@inra.fr)Jean-Christophe AYMES (jean-christophe.aymes@inra.fr)Frédéric LANGE (frederic.lange@inra.fr)Esther CARLUT (esther.carlut@inra.fr)David BARRACOU (david.barracou@migradour.com)

Received {date}; Revised {date}; Accepted {date}; Published {date}

Citation: Combination of authors, year of data paper publication (in parentheses), Title, Journal Name, Volume, Issue number (in parentheses), and doi of the data paper.

Resource Citation

CHAT J, AYMES J, LANGE F, CARLUT E, BARRACOU D (2019): Sea trout entering the rivers Adour and Nivelle in south-west France at the start of the 21st century. v1.8. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA). Dataset/Occurrence. http://ipt-recette.gbif.fr/resource?r=seatrout_gascony_2002-2013&v=1.8

Abstract

This dataset aims to supply information on the presence/abundance of sea trout as well as run characteristics (timing, size composition, parasite infestation) in two target rivers draining into the Bay of Biscay from South West France. The runs of sea trout entering the Adour and Nivelle rivers were sampled in trapping devices at seven upstream locations (Puyoo, Baigts-de-Béarn, Sorde-l’Abbaye, Chopolo, Halsou, Uxondoa, Olha).
The dataset includes 1257 specimens of Salmo trutta and consists of the date, the location of the catch and some biological data regarding the fish (size and colour of the fish, parasite infestation by the ectoparasite Lepeophtheirus salmonis). When available (600 individuals in total), photographs of sea trout scale have been previously published on INRAE's open access digital repository (https://doi.org/10.15454/SFE2D7 for Nivelle, and https://doi.org/10.15454/5X8L3X for Adour).
The present dataset has already been used by Masson et al. (2018) for studying sea trout movement (https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12349).

Keywords: occurrence, migratory species, anadromous species, dam, fish ladder, trapping, fish scales, body length, colouration, ectoparasite, observation, Occurrence, Observation

Project details

Project title: Conservation and management of migratory fish in the Adour River and the surrounding coastal rivers
Personnel: BARRACOU David, CHAT Joelle, CARLUT Esther, LANGE Frédéric, AYMES Jean-Christophe
Funding: For MIGRADOUR:
- Agence de l’Eau Adour Garonne,
- Union Européenne (FEDER),
- Région Nouvelle-Aquitaine,
- Fédération Nationale de la Pêche en France,
- Agence Française pour la Biodiversité,
- Département des Pyrénées atlantiques (64),
- Fédérations départementales de pêche du bassin Adour (32 / 40 / 64 / 65).

For UMR ECOBIOP:
- various French ministries (Research, Environment, Agriculture etc.),
- government agencies such as AFB (biodiversity),
- Nouvelle Aquitaine regional authorities,
- European Union (FEAMP, INTERREG, FP7-PEOPLE).

Data published through GBIF: http://ipt.gbif.fr/resource?r=seatrout_gascony_2002-2013_gbif

Spatial coverage

General spatial coverage: The Adour and Nivelle are two French rivers draining into the Bay of Biscay. The mouth of the Nivelle River is located at Saint-Jean-de-Luz. That of Adour River has changed several times during the last centuries, being now located at Bayonne (river diversion by Louis de Foix in 1578).
Coordinates: 42°41'2.4''N and 44°12'21.6''N Latitude; 1°41'45.6''W and 0°21'57.6''E Longitude 

Temporal coverage: May 3, 2002 - December 27, 2013

Natural collections description

Parent collection identifier: MIGRADOUR's collection of sea trout scale
Collection name: STPE-1306
Natural collections description

Parent collection identifier: Colisa, the collection of ichthyological samples
Collection name: STPE-1006
Collection identifier: https://doi.org/10.15454/D3ODJM
Natural collections description

Parent collection identifier: Colisa, the collection of ichthyological samples
Collection name: STPE-1104
Collection identifier: https://doi.org/10.15454/D3ODJM
Natural collections description

Parent collection identifier: Colisa, the collection of ichthyological samples
Collection name: STPE-1212
Collection identifier: https://doi.org/10.15454/D3ODJM
Natural collections description

Parent collection identifier: Colisa, the collection of ichthyological samples
Collection name: STPE-1307
Collection identifier: https://doi.org/10.15454/D3ODJM
Specimen preservation method: Dried
Curatorial unit: 600 with an uncertainty of 50 (individual scale envelope)

Methods

Method step description: 
- . 	The fish were chemically anesthetized to be safely handled and visually examined.
- . 	The side colouration was noted (silver-coloured, light-coloured and dark-coloured). Silver body is the typical colouration of the marine fish whereas coloured sides are an early indicator of freshwater acclimation of the sea trout.
- . 	The presence/absence of the ectoparasite Lepeophtheirus salmonis was recorded. Attached sea lice are commonly found on salmonids in the sea and survive for at least one week after the host enters fresh water (Hahnenkamp & Fyhn 1985). The presence of the ectoparasite is thus an indicator of a recent sojourn of the host in sea water prior to its capture in the trap.
- . 	The fish was then placed flat on the measuring device to measure fork length (from the tip of the snout to the end of the middle rays of the tail) to the nearest 1 mm (Nivelle) or to the nearest 5 mm (Adour).
- . 	Scale samples were taken from fish just posterior to the dorsal fin and before the adipose fin above the lateral line using a knife or forceps. Scales were placed in a small paper envelope especially designed for storing scales. Each envelope was properly identified and slowly dried at room temperature. Whenever possible, four scales were selected for reading, each having a clear focus, exhibiting little erosion apart from spawning marks, and showing obvious annuli in both the river and sea zones. Selected scales were cleaned by soaking them for about 20 minutes in a solution (3% v/v) of sodium hydroxide, washed in distilled water and rubbed with a fine brush to remove any soft tissue or paper fibres. The selected clean scales were then mounted between a microscope slide and coverslip together with a drop of glycerine solution (20% v/v). Capture of images of scales was obtained with a microfiche reader (Canon Microfilm Scanner 300) equipped with magnification lenses EZ03 (30x-50x) and an image analysis software (CapturePerfect version 1.0) allowing a 300-600 dpi digital scanning.
Study extent description: The River Adour (code Q---0000 according to SANDRE database) is a large river more than 300 km in length that rises in the Pyrenees Mountains and drains a basin covering almost 17,000 km2. Three tributaries of the Adour, i.e. Nive (code Q9--0250), Gave d’Oloron (code Q---0150) et Gave de Pau (code Q---0100), are well known to local recreational anglers for the abundance of salmonid populations.

The Nivelle River (code S52-0400 according to SANDRE database) is the southernmost of the four French 'Index Rivers' for salmon. As such, it is subject to intensive monitoring programmes including juvenile electrofishing surveys, trapping of returning adults and nest count surveys. The Nivelle is a 41 km long coastal stream in the Basque Country with a drainage covering less than 300 km2.
Sampling description: Both river-resident and seatrout were possibly caught in the fishtrap but only sea trout were considered in this dataset. Silvered body, presence of St. Andrew's cross on the body, absence of pigmentation on the flanks, adipose fin orange-coloured and other fins transparent were some of the key criteria used to distinguish sea trout (e.g. Bagliniere et al. 2001).
The data of the present dataset were obtained at seven trapping devices: for the Nivelle River – Uxondoa and Olha; for the Adour River – Puyoo, Baigts-de-Béarn, Sorde-l’Abbaye, Chopolo and Halsou. Among them, only Olha and Baigts-de-Bearn traps provided census data when operating. Depending on the site, trapping devices operated all or most of the year, and, in the latter case, trapping was planned to overlap with sea trout upstream migration peak. Depending on the distance between the trap and river mouth, the peak of migration occurred in May, June or July. When operating, traps were checked daily except when the river was in spate or when repairs to the dam were undertaken (trap disarmed). In hot conditions (higher than 20° Celsius), data were collected but no scales were taken in order to speed up the fish handling process, reduce fish stress and avoid fish mortality. Similarly, during the migration peak, scales were taken on a subsample only.
Quality control description: All field data collected by MIGRADOUR and INRAE are checked by a qualified person before they are entered into proper databases. Entries are double-checked against source documents by a second person to possibly complete or rectify the data in case of missing records and data errors.

Datasets

Dataset description
Object name: Darwin Core Archive Sea trout entering the rivers Adour and Nivelle in south-west France at the start of the 21st century
Character encoding: UTF-8
Format name: Darwin Core Archive format
Format version: 1.0
Distribution: http://ipt.gbif.fr/archive.do?r=seatrout_gascony_2002-2013_gbif
Publication date of data: 2020-01-14
Language: English
Licences of use: Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License

Metadata language: English
Date of metadata creation: 2019-10-07
Hierarchy level: Dataset

References
Hahnenkamp L, Fyhn HJ (1985) The osmotic response of salmon louse,Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda: Caligidae), during the transition from sea water to fresh water. Journal of Comparative Physiology B, 155, 357-365. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2FBF00687479.pdf
Masson S, Lepais O, Manicki A, Prevost E, Chat J (2018) Disentangling individual movement between populations from effective dispersal in the facultative anadromous Salmo trutta L. Ecology of Freshwater Fish, 27, 323-338. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eff.12349
Pratten D, Shearer W (1983) Sea trout of the North Esk. Aquaculture Research, 14, 49-65. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1983.tb00056.x
Chat, Joelle; Gueraud, Francois; Coste, Pascale; Carlut, Esther; Lange, Frédéric; Aymes, Jean-Christophe; Barracou, David, 2019, "Images d'écailles de truites de mer de la Nivelle (FR) / Images of sea trout scales from Nivelle (EN)", https://doi.org/10.15454/SFE2D7, Portail Data Inra, V1 https://doi.org/10.15454/SFE2D7
Chat, Joelle; Gueraud, Francois; Coste, Pascale; Aymes, Jean-Christophe; Barracou, David, 2019, "Images d'écailles de truites de mer de l'Adour (FR) / Images of sea trout scales from Adour (EN)", https://doi.org/10.15454/5X8L3X, Portail Data Inra, V1 https://doi.org/10.15454/5X8L3X
ECP, INRA, 2018. Ecology and Fish Population Biology Facility, doi: 10.15454/1.5572402068944548E12 doi: 10.15454/1.5572402068944548E12
Bagliniere JL, Ombredane D, Marchand F (2001) Morphological criteria for identification of two forms (river, Sea) of brown trout (Salmo trutta) present in the same river. Bulletin Francais De La Peche Et De La Pisciculture, 375-383. https://www.kmae-journal.org/articles/kmae/pdf/2001/01/kmae200035735816.pdf