Anopheles collections in the health districts of Korhogo (Côte d'Ivoire) and Diébougou (Burkina Faso) (2016-2018)

Data Records

The data in this sampling event resource has been published as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A), which is a standardized format for sharing biodiversity data as a set of one or more data tables. The core data table contains 1,683 records.

3 extension data tables also exist. An extension record supplies extra information about a core record. The number of records in each extension data table is illustrated below.

This IPT archives the data and thus serves as the data repository. The data and resource metadata are available for download in the downloads section. The versions table lists other versions of the resource that have been made publicly available and allows tracking changes made to the resource over time.

Versions

The table below shows only published versions of the resource that are publicly accessible.

How to cite

Researchers should cite this work as follows:

Soma D D, Zogo B, Taconet P, Mouline K, Ahoua Alou L P, Dabiré R K, Amanan Koffi A, Pennetier C, Moiroux N (2024). Anopheles collections in the health districts of Korhogo (Côte d'Ivoire) and Diébougou (Burkina Faso) (2016-2018). Version 1.1. IRD - Institute of Research for Development. Samplingevent dataset. https://ipt.gbif.fr/resource?r=anopheles_collections_react_project&v=1.1

Rights

Researchers should respect the following rights statement:

The publisher and rights holder of this work is IRD - Institute of Research for Development. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY 4.0) License.

GBIF Registration

This resource has been registered with GBIF, and assigned the following GBIF UUID: 9f6ad2af-34cb-4f69-8436-1a41c2b43c62.  IRD - Institute of Research for Development publishes this resource, and is itself registered in GBIF as a data publisher endorsed by GBIF France.

Keywords

samplingEvent; malaria ; vectors ; resistance ; human landing catch ; exophagy ; endophagy ; biting behaviour

Contacts

Geographic Coverage

The geographic coverage includes the health districts of Korhogo (Nothern Côte d'Ivoire) and Diébougou (South-West Burkina Faso). Each study area is around 2500 squared km.

Taxonomic Coverage

Several anopheles mosquitoes are included

Temporal Coverage

Sampling Methods

Several villages (27 in Burkina Faso, 28 in Côte d'Ivoire) were selected within each area at the beginning of the project according to the following criteria : accessibility during the rainy season, 200 to 500 inhabitants per village, and distance between villages greater than 2 km. In each village, several rounds of mosquito collections (surveys) were carried out using the Human Landing Catch (HLC) sampling method. The procedure for conducting HLC was for a person to sit on a stool, and mosquitoes to alight on his exposed legs where they were then collected using a hemolysis tube. Mosquitoes were collected from 17:00 to 09:00 both indoors and outdoors at 4 sites per village. Collectors were organized into two teams of eight persons in each village; the first group collected from 17:00 to 01:00 and the second from 01:00 to 09:00. Collectors were rotated between indoor and outdoor collection sites every hour at each selected house to reduce potential collector bias. Indoor collection points were rooms that meet the following criteria: being usually inhabited; quiet without excessive movement of peoples; open to the outside through a door or a window. Outdoor collection was conducted in areas usually occupied by people but are sheltered from wind, traffic, fires and are not large meeting areas. The distance between collection sites was at least 50 m. The distance between indoors and outdoors collection points in one site was at least 10 m to minimize competition between mosquito collectors. Mosquitoes were collected in individual tubes plugged with cotton and stored in hourly bags. Morphological identification : All captured mosquitoes were morphologically identified in the field to genus and where possible to species levels according to established taxonomic keys. Molecular analysis : In the Burkina Faso area, for all the entomological surveys : - a subsample of 100 non blood-fed Anopheles spp. individuals was randomly selected per survey and per village and dissected to identify their parity state (parous or nulliparous) (parous female are those that have laid eggs at least once); - all individuals belonging to the Funestus group or Anopheles gambiae complex were identified to species by PCR; - DNA extracted from head-thorax of Anopheles spp. individuals was used to detect Plasmodium falciparum infection using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay; - PCR assay were carried out on all mosquitoes belonging to the An. gambiae complex to detect the L1014F (kdr-w), G119S (ace-1), and L1014S (kdr-e) mutations (kdr-w and kdr-e mutations confer insecticide resistance to pyrethroids whereas ace-1 confers resistance to carbamates and organophosphates). In the Côte d'Ivoire area, for the first four entomological surveys : due to the very large numbers of vectors collected, a subsample of Anopheles spp. vectors from six villages randomly chosen out of the 28 villages included in the study were further analyzed : - For all the individuals belonging to the Anopheles nili complex or An. funestus group collected in these six villages : Plasmodium falciparum infection was detected using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR); - For one individual of Anopheles gambiae complex randomly selected per hour per collection site (indoor/outdoor) during each survey in these six villages : identification of species (PCR), Plasmodium falciparum infection (qPCR), L1014F (kdr-w) and G119S (ace-1) mutations (qPCR). In the Côte d'Ivoire area, for the last four entomological surveys : - For all the individuals belonging to the Anopheles nili complex or An. funestus group : identification of Plasmodium falciparum infection (qPCR); - For a subsample representing 25% of the total of the Anopheles gambiae captured : identification of species (PCR), Plasmodium falciparum infection (qPCR), L1014F (kdr-w) and G119S (ace-1) mutations (qPCR). The results of the molecular analysis are made available in the Extended Measurement or Facts extension. This extension also includes the place of collection of each mosquito (indoors or outdoors). In addition, a set of environmental data were extracted at the places and times of samplings from Earth-observation satellite products. These data are made available in the Measurement or Facts extension. The following measurements are provided : % of landscape occupied by each land cover type in a 2-km radius buffer zone around the sampling site, weekly rainfall and weekly land surface temperature up to 6 weeks before each collection date.

Method step description:

1. Several villages were selected as detailed in the Sampling Method section.
2. In each village, several rounds of mosquito collections (surveys) were carried out using the Human Landing Catch (HLC) sampling method between 2016 and 2018 as detailed in the Sampling Method section.
3. Morphological identification of the captured mosquitoes was performed as detailed in the Sampling Method section. Methods used are detailed in the following publications : Gillies MT. 1987. A supplement to the Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara (Afrotropical Region). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 55, 1–143. Gillies M, Meillon D. 1968. The Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara. Publication of the South African Institute for Medical Research, Johannesburg, 54, 1–343. Mattingly PF, Rageau J, La CA, Des F, Du M, Xii SA. Contributions de la faune des moustiques du Sud-Est Asiatique. XII. Contrib Am Entomol Inst. 1973; 7.
4. Molecular analysis of some of the captured anopheles was performed as detailed in the Sampling Method section. Methods used are detailed in the following publications : Detection of the L1014F (kdr-w) mutation by PCR in the Burkina Faso area : https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2583.1998.72062.x Detection of the L1014S (kdr-e) mutation by PCR in the Burkina Faso area : https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2583.2000.00209.x Detection of the G119S (ace-1) mutation by qPCR in the Burkina Faso area : https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-12-404 Detection of Plasmodium falciparum infection by qPCR in the Burkina Faso area : https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0054820 Detection of the L1014F (kdr-w) mutation by PCR in the Côte d'Ivoire area : https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-6-111 Detection of the G119S (ace-1) mutation by qPCR in the Côte d'Ivoire area : https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-12-404 Detection of Plasmodium falciparum infection by qPCR in the Côte d'Ivoire area : https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0054820
5. Environmental data were collected and prepared as detailed in the Sampling Method section. Methods used are detailed in the following publication : https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-021-04851-x
6. The collected data were digitized when relevant.
7. A custom R script was created to map the original data to Darwin Core as an event core with the relevant extensions (occurrence, Measurements or Facts, and Extended Measurements or Facts).
8. The Darwin Core files were connected to the French IPT and documented with metadata.
9. The data was published and registered with GBIF

Additional Metadata